Types Of Construction Artificial Intelligence - 1982 Words

Many people today are excited at the thought of machines that can work as if they were human. Pure fascination is driven by the idea of technology that is far beyond the average person’s mind. This intelligence being created can do monotonous jobs significantly faster than the average worker, go places that are hard to reach, and think better and faster compared to humans. Businesses are thrilled at the prospect of cutting down on their biggest cost, labor, and getting jobs done quickly and more efficiently. But for the common, middle-class, blue-collar worker, it could mean a loss of wages and a forced cross training into another field. In the wake of this extraordinary Artificial Intelligence within the construction industry, there are winners and losers. Types of Construction Artificial Intelligence Within the construction industry, Artificial Intelligence (AI) is beginning to take jobsites by storm. If someone were to walk onto a jobsite today, someone in that location would be using AI. Current uses of AI today span from mobile technology that supervision uses to man a jobsite to an actual robot pouring concrete or welding a pipe. With the technology improvements being made daily, there will be a day few people will consist of the workforce on the job, and the rest will be some sort of robotics. Among the Artificial Intelligence being used or that will be the future are: Drones/UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle), SAM (Semi-Automated Mason), robotic welding, Autonomous TMAShow MoreRelatedArtificial Intelligence Ethical Issues1351 Words   |  6 PagesRecently technology has become a significant part of society, specifically for the medical field. People in the past have expressed concerns about the security and safety of implementing ar tificial intelligence (AI) into the medical field. Artificial intelligence is a computer system with human capabilities, such as decision making. Research has shown that AI could increase the efficiency and quality of patient care in the medical field. AI could greatly improve efficiency by using software thatRead MoreArtificial Intelligence In Technology1612 Words   |  7 Pages â€Å"The increasing use of artificial intelligence in technology will transform our societies for the worse.† Module: FC-503 Tutor Name: Assessment type: Essay Student Number: T0061516 Word Count: The theme of the 2017 Summer Davos meeting was about the fourth revolution of science and technology and artificial intelligence was undoubtedly one of the main topics discussed by people. From driving interactive voice with nobody to Alphago defeat the invincible chess champion Ke Jie (GibneyRead MoreThe Technology And Artificial Intelligence1002 Words   |  5 Pagescentury. Artificial intelligence is one part of computer science involved with making computers behave like humans. (Vangie Beal. 2015). Moreover, the Artificial Intelligence has scope very widely. Artificial Intelligence covers a broad range of techniques, which can be applied to a very wide range of application areas. (Russell, Stuart J.; Norvig Peter et al.,2003). Also, evidence will focus on the knowledge acquisition, data mining, computer vision and the search. An artificial intelligence systemRead MoreThe Pros And Disadvantages Of Artificial Intelligence1423 Words   |  6 PagesArtificial intelligence can be d efined as the ability of a computer performing activities normally considered to require human intelligence. According to Blay Whitby, â€Å"Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the study of intelligent behavior (in humans, animals, and machines) and the attempt to find ways in which such behavior could be engineered in any type of artifact. It is one of the most difficult and arguably the most exciting enterprise ever undertaken by humanity† (1). Technology is moving at a fastRead MoreArtificial Intelligence ( Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ) Essay2481 Words   |  10 Pages Within the construction industry, Artificial Intelligence (AI) is beginning to take jobsites by storm. If someone were to walk onto a jobsite today, someone in that location would be using AI. Current uses of AI today span from mobile technology that supervision uses to man a jobsite to an actual robot pouring concrete or welding a pipe. With the technology improvements being made daily, there will be a day few people will consist of the workforce on the job, and the rest will be some sort of roboticsRead MoreThe Dodd-Frank Act Analysis1425 Words   |  6 Pagesand disclosed to the public which were sound in order to instill more confidence within investors. In January of 2009, Congress launched the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act. The act invested in programs such as Head Start, as well as many construction projects, in order to create more jobs and put more money in the pockets of Americans. The rationale was that by having a job, workers would be more likely to spend money, which would thus improve the circulation of money in the economy. In 2010Read MoreCommunication Studies Ia1609 Words   |  7 PagesINTRODUCTION The theme of â€Å"Technology† and topic of â€Å"Artificial Intelligence in Society† was chosen as I found it very intruding because I grew up being exposed to all sorts of technological and electronic equipment. I have always been interested in technology and I have always tried to keep up with its rapid advances. My target audience is teenagers between the ages of 16-19 years of age. From previous knowledge, I have found that the term artificial intelligence is commonly misinterpreted and tied to robotsRead MoreComputational Modeling, An Artificial Intelligence Approach Using Neural Networks As Non Parametric Modeling1432 Words   |  6 Pagesfeasibility studies till tendering stage and developing BOQ, it provides significant information that even may serve project budgeting and controlling if reliable. This paper presents a comparison between two cost estimate predictive modeling, an artificial intelligence approach using neural networks as non-parametric modeling; and multiplely regression modeling that represents advanced engineering statics - a parametric modeling. Results show that neural networks have advantages when dealing with data thatRead MoreThe Boom in Robotic Population1146 Words   |  5 Pagesfuture some jobs will become extinct. According to Rob Rawson, co-founder of Staff.com, after serious crashes caused by a human operated air traffic controller, in 2034 the government will mandate that all air traffic must be controlled by Artificial Intelligence agents. Moreover in 2028 Google is going to produce perfect audio translator, indistinguishable from the best bi-linguists. It means that human translators and interpreters will lose their working places. Similarly as self-driving cars becomeRead MoreProgramming for a Better Future647 Words   |  3 Pagessuch as Java. One of the main and most important categories is system programming. Programming Science is a type of advanced programing which develops computing technologies, programing languages and data mining. Even though some people do not have to specialize, it would be the best option. The different specialties are algorithm design, programming languages, artificial intelligence, robotics, scientific programming, supercomputing, computer aided design, virtual reality and computer graphics

Lord Of The Flies By William Golding - 1504 Words

Lord of the Flies: Violence Someone’s dead, bloods been shed, and people are being hunted one by one. In most horror stories, the next step would be finding out who the murder is, and how to either stop it or get away from it. But in this story, the murderers are already given and how they killed the others are revealed. So what’s the use of these scenes of violence? In Lord of the Flies by William Golding, several boys ranging six to thirteen are stranded on an island after the plane they were aboard on crashed. They all survived except the pilot, so they’re all alone with no adults to supervise them. How lucky! Or is it? As they band together to kept order and survive on the island, things get out of hand and blood is shed. The boy’s†¦show more content†¦There’s nothing wrong with getting excited over hunting game, since even in modern society hunting is a sport that satisfies many. Yet these are eight to twelve year old boys who were previously secluded in an all-b oys private school and hesitated to hunt a pig the first time they tried hunting, are being â€Å"†¦webbed to her in lust†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (135). Yes there is a sense of savagery since these boys are hunting, as human ancestors have done in the past regularly for food, but in general this scene demonstrates how there is a sense of barbarity within in them but its only because it regulated society needs of eating. As most of the boys’ do gain an adrenaline from this hunt, one boy particularly gives this brutal scene an importance. â€Å"Roger began to withdraw his spear and the boys noticed it for the first time. Robert stabilized the thing in a phrase that was received uproariously. Right up her ass!† (135). Such an outrageous comment coming from this kid hints of Roger’s true inner colors of his sadistic side. It’s a foreshadowing of how his true character is in the future. Roger is the first to gain that real overtaking of savagery over how he would acted in society. Without adults on this island, Roger is free from any restraint to let his inner aggressiveness out. This

IBP Wicked Problem Free Essays

Discuss how the issues associated with broken food systems might be understood as a wicked problem. The notions of social wicked problems were first introduced in 1973 by Ritter and Webber; two Berkeley professors who published an article in Policy Sciences, that identified the characteristics that differentiated wicked problems from ordinary problems (Camellias 2008). Ritter and Weeper’s article provided 10 properties that can be used as a guide to recognizing whether an issue is considered Wicked’. We will write a custom essay sample on IBP Wicked Problem or any similar topic only for you Order Now With the instant increasing global population, issues surrounding food production and distributed have come to light, raising the questions; is the world’s food system broken? And is it a wicked problem? Studies have shown that currently the global food transport system is growing faster than the food production industry itself (Trochaic, et al 2012). Food demand is becoming a major issue among nations, and is only set to continue in the coming years, with an estimated 50% increase by 2030 (Trochaic, et al 2012). Over consumption in the developed world has become a real issue for poorer nations who re struggling to provide basic food provisions for their people, Richard Black identifies that major governments need to start acting sooner rather than later. â€Å"We have to go beyond GAP; and either we can do it voluntarily or we’ll have to do it because pressure on a finite planet will in the end make us† (Black, 2012). Adding to this, is the fact that up to 50% of food is lost in transportation, highlighting the huge amount of food wastage occurring, which if cut down would help to ease up the demand and supply chain (Law, 2011). Climate change and natural disasters are another factor contributing to the food yester crisis. As the world increases its trading and relies more on this system, elements affecting one major provider are felt globally. A catastrophic drought in Russia caused global wheat prices to rise 70% higher in 2011 compared to the previous year; causing major issues for the world’s poorest people, who spend 80% of their income on food (Ford, 2011). Climate change caused by humans and natural disasters add more elements to the food system predicament, further complicating the search for solutions. The first famine of the 21st century occurred in Somalia, with experts stating that this would have never happened as humans are producing enough food to feed the world twice over (Law, 2011). The report highlights how the disaster could have been prevented through early warning systems, and a quicker response time. Archie Law brings to light two major issues contributing to the famine; one being the removal of major funding in the agricultural field; governments ignoring this need for more agriculture are simply setting up for future disaster. The second major issue is the use of land; Saudi Arabians emptied their aquifers growing wheat and can longer deed themselves. They are now purchasing land in developing countries to grow their own food supply (Law, 2011). This power play of rich nations adds the issue of politics into the food system, with those with the most money always coming out on top (Maxwell, 2012). Aid is not enough to fix this issue; more must be done to help the people to help themselves (Karri, 2005). The world’s food system is clearly broken and needs to be addressed on a global scale. There is no definite formulation of this complex problem and the search for solutions never stops. The many elements making up this complex issue are all unique and no solution can bring a 100% fix, adding to this is the amount of stakeholders who have different opinions and expectations. These are all properties of a wicked problem (Camellias 2008), thus making the broken food system wicked. How to cite IBP Wicked Problem, Papers

Societal Staus of Gays

Question: Discuss about the Societal Staus of Gays. Answer: Introduction Although the world is making important and eloquent progress in the development of customs related to the genuine equivalence, recognition, and acceptance of the gay men and women, there is still a hidden aptness or feeling that is usually different, which hurts or handicaps the feelings of gay youngsters. To construct an impartial society, coequality should be generated as it is a part and parcel of constructing an impartial society. Where a mainstream of services reaches everyone on their demands, people from the LGBT community usually face ignorance. The importance of functional equality arises because the LGBT individuals are also the part of this society, and to accept homosexuals respectfully by heterosexuals will bring that equality in the society (Cahill Makadon, 2014). An individual and especially a man who is homosexual is termed as a Gay. Originally, the word gay was used to describe a bright and flamboyant, or carefree attitude. However, later on, the term gay was used i n the LGBT terminology, which means Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (Carbone, 2016). In the United States, similar sex marriage has been made legal nationwide according to the act passed on June 26, 2015 (Cahill Makadon, 2014). Homosexuality is basically the emotional or sexual attraction between the two individuals of similar sex or gender. Commonly, the term lesbian is used for females who are homosexuals and gay is used for homosexual males. However, the word gay is also used to pertain both the homosexual females, as well as, homosexual males. In the present times, there are various countries throughout the world where homosexual marriages, living relationships, and homosexual relationships are accepted in the society by their government. However, still, there are many countries where homosexuality is regarded as a sin and are strictly against the homosexuality, for instance, Islamic countries like Gulf and Saudi Arabia (Burack, 2009). Gay emplaced in the society and steps for increasing their societal status The right to voluntarily express ones opinion and deliberation is stipulated for awareness and benefits, which leads to the creation of more open and tolerant society. Homosexuals should be allowed to express their identity and to live free and non-discriminated lives without facing any trauma of stigma or discrimination (Cahill Makadon, 2014). The non-acceptance of the homosexuals in the society may increase the level of loathing, as well as, distrust in the society, thus, decreasing the ability to cooperate (Bialer McIntosh, 2016). The various research on the health quality of the homosexuals and heterosexuals have shown that the heterosexual people are more healthy and free from diseases in comparison to the homosexuals. Homosexuals are found to show more vulnerability towards serious and life-threatening diseases, such as HIV, anal cancer, etc. The chances of having an increased vulnerability towards these life-threatening diseases are due to the fact that in some cases homosex uals are involved in more than hundred sexual relationships, which leads to the serious consequences (Boehmer Elk, 2015). As per the social issues is concerned, it has been observed that the homosexuals are more addicted to substance abuse in comparison to the heterosexuals, which even leads to the development of depression. The suicidal rates are also high in the homosexuals than heterosexuals and homosexuals are more prone to early depression, which makes them mentally unfit. Thus, the expected life span is less amongst the homosexuals as compared to the heterosexuals (Lee, Gamarel, Bryant, Zaller, Operario, 2016). Moreover, high chances of sexual molestation occur from the side of the parents of the homosexuals, thus increasing the peril of incest with their parents. The various studies have shown that the homosexuals are at escalated pitfall for absenteeism and tends to have an inferior grade point due to the protection and harassment concerns in the colleges and schools. In schools, the victimization causes reduction of self-esteem of the homosexuals and accelerate absences, which worsens the educ ation outgrowth. Moreover, bullying is considered as one of the major causes of reducing the self-confidence of the homosexuals (Woodford, Silverschanz, Swank, Scherrer, Raiz, 2012). As per the teachers are concerned, they have been identified as an impediment to the LGBT sex education in some cases. Teachers often have their own convictions about homosexuality, and reconciling to these studies. If they have an unfriendly view towards the LGBT individuals, it can be seen in their teaching attitudes, which makes the homosexuals feel unaccepted. Hence, it is crystal clear that the adolescent gay and lesbian students are not only on the verge of being victims of lexical, physical, and emotional bullying but they are also in the fear of going to the schools, if they experience or discover unfavorable support towards their sexual exposure with a little assertion of their identity. These factors can make our society weak and can cause a huge drawback to the environment (Ryan, 2012). Governmental steps in the promotion of the rights of homosexuality: Equality, as well as, freedom from sacrament is fundamental rights of all the humans irrespective of their sexual orientation, intersexuality, or gender identity. Though the LGBT individuals are at a higher risk of facing stigma, as well as, discrimination throughout their life, a real progress is being made towards the equality of the LGBT individuals. Several laws and amendments have been made by the government all over the world to reduce the discrimination among LGBT individuals. For instance, the cross-government LGBT Equality Action Plan was published in the month of March 2011 by the UK government, which reinforced the commitment of the nation towards the LGBT equality, as well as, outlined the range of various actions that would be enforced to tackle homophobic bullying of the LGBTs in schools and to promote the rights of the LGBT individuals. Moreover, the same-sex marriage has also been adopted by the UK go vernment (Gov.uk, 2015). Moreover, on June 26, 2015, the U.S. government have made same-sex marriage legalized. In Australia, the amendment of the sex discrimination act was made in 2013 for the sexual orientation, as well as, gender identity for the individuals belonging to LGBT community (Humanrights.gov.au, 2016). The impact of accepting homophobic on Economics: The studies have shown that exclusion of the homophobic in ways also cause harms to the economy of the state. For instance, the discrimination of LGBT individuals in the workplace, physical, structural, and psychological violence, unjustly arrest, jail, beat, detain, etc. limits their use of knowledge or productivity at the workplace. Hence, the exclusionary treatment of homophobic involve labor cost, low investments in the human capital, lost productivity, and inefficient allocation of various resources through the process of discrimination in hiring and educational practices. As a result, the low investment in the human capital, as well as, the suboptimal utilization of the human resources will act as a drag on the output of the economy at the macro economy level. Hence, accepting homophobic will obviously increase the economic levels of the state. Moreover, the analysis at the macro-level showed a clear positive relation between the inclusion of the LGBTs and per capita GDP as measured by the Transgender Rights Index and Global Index on Legal Recognition of Homosexual Orientation. It has been observed that the countries who have more rights for LGBT individuals have high per capital income, as well as, high levels and state of well-being. Hence, a causal relationship is observed between inclusion of the LGBT individuals and improving inputs into the performance of the economy (Badget, Nezhad, and Waaldizk, 2014). Statistics for the advancement in the social life reactions and other issues: The stigma and the discrimination faced by the individuals have been an issue for the past and still continues to be a serious issue. However, in the present times, there has been a substantial progress in the social acceptance of the LGBT individuals. For instance, statistics from 2001 to 2016 on the views of the Americans that whether the LGBT relationships are morally wrong or acceptable showed a decrease in the percent of people who said it was morally wrong. As in the year 2001, around 53 percent of the cases asserted the relationship between the gay or lesbian were morally unacceptable or wrong, while in the year 2016, the decrease with only 37 percent of the respondents was found to state the same. Moreover, the survey that was conducted in November 2012 by Gallup in the U.S., revealed that 78% of the studied population believed entitlement of the inheritance rights by the partners of the gay and les bian with only 18% who were against them (Facts, 2016). Moreover, various research have shown that the increased access to the resources and information, as well as, large availability of the services in the support of LGBT individuals have provided a wide range of opportunities for socialization and self-affirmation of the LGBTs (www.endabusewi.org, 2015). Fig 1: Number of homosexuals in U.S. Source: (statista.com) Fig 2: Number of homosexuals in Australia. Source: (Fava.org.au) Fig 3: Views on Homosexuality. Source: (statista.com) Fig 4: Agreeableness to the inheritance rights of homosexuals. Source: (statista.com) Development of civilian firms in homosexuality: A diverse economy is observed to be a strong economy. It has been observed that the businesses which embrace the changing demographics of the nation reap the benefits related to the economy of an inclusive and diverse workforce. A huge development in the behaviors and attitudes of the civilian firms in recruiting homosexuals, as well as, transgenders in their organization have been observed with the time. For instance, in the United States, it has been observed that the gays, as well as, transgender workers contributes towards 6.28% of the total workforce in the present times. Moreover, there has been a higher representation of the homosexuals and transgender workers in the private areas with about 6.48% of the total workforce in comparison to the 5.31% of the total workforce in the public sector (www.americanprogress.org, 2012). Religious beliefs on Homosexuality: Though several steps have been taken in the upliftment of the status of the homosexuals, still there are negative and positive considerations of homosexuality in different religions. For instance, in Christianity, homosexuality is a sin according to the Bible, where there are statements that are clearly against the homosexuality. Though Bible condemns homosexuality, the basic concept of Christians relies on the realistic and humanistic morals to build their ethical structure. According to the Christians, if someone is homosexual it does not restrict them to pray or show love for him. They treat them with the dignity as they are the creation of their God (Ministry, 2008). While a large diversity is observed regarding the views of homosexuality in Judaism. For instance, Orthodox Jews generally consider homosexual behavior to be an abomination, which is excluded by the Old Testament of the Christian Bible or the Torah. While the Reconstructionist Jews who sponsored The Reconstructionist Rabbinical Association, chose rabbis to perform and carry the same-sex ceremonies of commitment. They do not discriminate people on basis of sexual orientation and support same-sex marriages. Moreover, the concept of homosexuality in Hinduism is confusing. As the scripture called Manusmriti is against the concept of homosexuality and considers it to be a punishable offense. While, according to Vatsayna, the writer of the Kamasutra, the teaching have allowed and accepted the concept of homosexuality, and it was even in practiced in the early times (Notsostraight.com.au, 2016). Ways to lead the homosexuals in the society of heterosexuals: While various steps and things have been improved and developed in Australia for the gays and lesbian individuals, still there is a constant uncertainty regarding whether the homosexuals will receive the care and acceptance from their friends, families, colleagues, as well as, services. The fear of rejection by the society has a huge impact on the social and mental status of the homosexuals. Hence, family and friends of the homosexuals can take certain steps for reducing the effects of stigma, homophobia, and discrimination, as well as, for protecting the mental and physical health of the homosexuals. One method of handling the stress of the homosexuals from the stigma and discrimination faced by them are through social support. Various studies have shown that the gay males who have good company and social support from their friends, families, and the community tends to have higher levels of self-esteem, more good mental h ealth, and a more effective and positive identity in the groups (Cdc.gov, 2016). Moreover, the university and college administrators should make it fully clear that homophobic bullying is an offense and will not be tolerated in their public messages. This indicates that they are making a conscious effort in sensitizing the on-campus counselors towards the issues related to the sexual orientation (Bialer McIntosh, 2016). To break this cycle at any single point is not practically possible. We can not expect the gay individuals to come out in a drove all of a sudden to demand their equal treatment. Nor we can expect that the entire heterosexual community will seek out underlying truth behind the gender identities and alternative sexualities. Therefore, there is a need to make a concerted attempt, in the offices, universities, and public discourses for breaking this cycle at various multiple levels. In todays competitive environment, the corporate colossuses are fighting against the niche vendors. While the companies, on the other hand, are having a fight against a tough battle between growing attrition rates. The conception of not being gay-friendly will fail to attract or retain the best talent, which in turn can result in the loss of huge profit and economy (Rizer, Mauery, Haynes, Couser, Gruman, 2015). Already an enough of time has been lost. A lot of hate against the gay people has been spewed, an d enough of negative stereotypes have been permitted to perpetuate. This discrimination has already kept many talented and wonderful gay men, as well as, women in the closets. Hence, it is the high time to overcome this stereotypes and to break the cycle of invisibility (Reygan, 2009). Conclusion The controversial debate existing between the traditional sentiments and gay rights is a modern time phenomenon. It seems that both the sides are representing the opposite paths and are standing on the two extreme positions. But we can not deny the fact that the gay individuals have legitimate and equal human rights of living in this world as any other individual. To discriminate the individuals belonging to the LGBT community is not a right and ethical thing to do as it has been medically proven that the sexual orientation of the individuals towards individuals of the same sex is natural. Hence, the gay people deserves equal acceptance and status in the society as heterosexuals individuals enjoy and should not be a victim of discrimination and stigma (Reygan, 2009). As a matter of fact, concluding the issue in a positive or negative way is not appropriate. Considering the status and challenges faced by the homosexuals, it can be said that society should accept the ones who are prese nt. Thus, mingling with the homosexuals present in the surroundings should be practiced, as this will break the bridge of inequality and will make the society a better place to live. Considering the entire above motif, it can be said that homosexuals are not personally harmful to an individual, but if they increase in number, the society may have to face increased troubles. Henceforth, a genuine leader will make sure he/she fulfills the space of inequality and brings the sodality as one combined union (Byne, 2015). References 2010 to 2015 government policy: equality - GOV.UK. (2015).Gov.uk. Retrieved 14 September 2016, from https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/2010-to-2015-government-policy-equality/2010-to-2015-government-policy-equality Badgett, L., Nezhad, S., Waldijk, K. (2014).The relationship between LGBT inclusion and economic development: An analysis of emerging economies.www.usaid.gov. Retrieved 14 September 2016, from https://www.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/15396/lgbt-inclusion-and-development-november-2014.pdf Bialer, P. McIntosh, C. (2016). Discrimination, stigma, and hate: The impact on the mental health and well-being of LGBT people.Journal Of Gay Lesbian Mental Health,20(4), 297-298. Boehmer, U. Elk, R. (2015). LGBT Populations and Cancer: Is It an Ignored Epidemic?.LGBT Health. Burack, C. (2009). God, gays and good-enough enemies.Psychoanalysis, Culture Society,14(S1), 41-48. Byne, W. (2015). LGBT Health Equity: Steps Toward Progress and Challenges Ahead.LGBT Health,2(3), 193-195. Byne, W. (2015). Priorities to Address Gaps in LGBT Health Research.LGBT Health,2(4), 285-286. Cahill, S. Makadon, H. (2014). Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity Data Collection Update: U.S. Government Takes Steps to Promote Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity Data Collection Through Meaningful Use Guidelines.LGBT Health,1(3), 157-160. Carbone, A. (2016). Book Review: Violence against Queer People: Race, Class, Gender and the Persistence of Anti-LGBT Discrimination by Doug Meyer.Gender Society. Face the facts: Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex People | Australian Human Rights Commission. (2016).Humanrights.gov.au. Retrieved 14 September 2016, from https://www.humanrights.gov.au/face-facts-lesbian-gay-bisexual-trans-and-intersex-people Facts, U. (2016).Topic: Homosexuality.www.statista.com. Retrieved 14 September 2016, from https://www.statista.com/topics/1249/homosexuality/ Fava: How many homosexuals are there in Australia?. (2012). Fava.org.au. Retrieved 15 September 2016, from https://www.fava.org.au/news/2012/how-many-homosexuals-are-there-in-australia/ Lee, J., Gamarel, K., Bryant, K., Zaller, N., Operario, D. (2016). Discrimination, Mental Health, and Substance Use Disorders Among Sexual Minority Populations.LGBT Health,3(4), 258-265. LGBT Youth Facts and Statistics. (2016).www.endabusewi.org. Retrieved 14 September 2016, from https://www.endabusewi.org/sites/default/files/resources/lgbt_youth_facts_and_stats.pdf Ministry, C. (2008).Christianity and Homosexuality.CARM. Retrieved 14 September 2016, from https://carm.org/christianity-and-homosexuality Religion - FAQS - Not So Straight. (2016).Notsostraight.com.au. Retrieved 14 September 2016, from https://www.notsostraight.com.au/faq_about_religion.php Reygan, F. (2009). The School-Based Lives of LGBT Youth in the Republic of Ireland.Journal Of LGBT Youth,6(1), 80-89. Rizer, A., Mauery, D., Haynes, S., Couser, B., Gruman, C. (2015). Challenges in Intervention Research for Lesbian and Bisexual Women.LGBT Health,2(2), 105-112. Ryan, J. (2012). Border Sexualities, Border Families in Schools : Queering Education.Journal Of LGBT Youth,9(3), 266-270. Stigma and Discrimination | Gay and Bisexual Men's Health | CDC. (2016).Cdc.gov. Retrieved 14 September 2016, from https://www.cdc.gov/msmhealth/stigma-and-discrimination.htm The State of Diversity in Todays Workforce. (2012).www.americanprogress.org. Retrieved 14 September 2016, from https://www.americanprogress.org/issues/labor/report/2012/07/12/11938/the-state-of-diversity-in-todays-workforce/ Woodford, M., Silverschanz, P., Swank, E., Scherrer, K., Raiz, L. (2012). Predictors of Heterosexual College Students Attitudes Toward LGBT People.Journal Of LGBT Youth,9(4), 297-320.

Nuclear power provides cheap and clean energy

Table of Contents Introduction Environmental advantage Economic advantage Political advantage Conclusion Works Cited Introduction Nuclear power refers to the sustained nuclear fission to generate heat and electricity (Ojovan 34). About 6% of the world’s energy is sourced from nuclear power. There has been a much heated debate going on for decades in regard to the use of nuclear energy.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Nuclear power provides cheap and clean energy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Proponents stress that nuclear energy is more sustainable and environmentally friendly (Sovacool 376). Opponents believe that nuclear power possesses a significant threat to the environment and human beings. This paper seeks to reaffirm that nuclear power provides cheap and clean energy. Its advantages outweigh its disadvantages. Environmental advantage Several studies have been carried out to determine the effe ct of nuclear power on the environment, especially in comparison with other energy sources. Many of them have established that nuclear power generation causes minimal effects on the environment as it emits very low amount of carbon dioxide and other green house gases (Sovacool 376). Energy sources such as fossil fuels cause more deadly pollution when compared to nuclear energy. Much of the opposition with nuclear power generation is associated with the potential catastrophic risks that can result from overheated fuels (Pandit, pp. 3). About 10,000 metric tons of high level radioactive wastes are produced from reactors around the world. There are controversies in regard to how these wastes should be deposited. Deep burial in stable geological locations was suggested, but no country has implemented that to date. New technologies have been developed to reprocess the waste and reduce its volume. However, this waste is too minute when compared to that from fossil fuels. Studies conducted to identify fatalities per unit power produced by the several leading energy sources have shown that nuclear power is the safest one while fossil fuels, especially coal, are the most polluting (Sovacool 376). This can be explained by the number of deaths that is caused by air pollution from fossil fuels. The director of Center for Health and Global Environment at Harvard Medical School explains that the whole life cycle of energy production from fossil fuels leads to a trail of injuries, illness and death (Sovacool 376). It is estimated that fine particles that are emitted from coal electricity generating plants kill up to 13,000 every year in the United States. More deaths are also registered in the extraction and transportation of coal and other fossil fuels.Advertising Looking for essay on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In contrast, there have been no deaths associated with Nuclear power generation, apart from some notable accidents. The â€Å"International Atomic Energy Agency and the UN estimate that the death toll due to cancer following the 1986 meltdown at Chernobyl is yet to reach 9000† (Sovacool 376, pp.3). More research indicates that catastrophes associated with nuclear power plants are not major contributors of nuclear death or pollution. More than half of the deaths associated with nuclear power activities stem from Uranium mining. Even when this is included, overall number of deaths remains significantly low in comparison to all other energy sources. The â€Å"greatest environmental advantage of nuclear power is that it does not release greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide, methane, ozone and chlorofluorocarbon) during nuclear reaction† (Ojovan 37, pp. 4). Hydropower does not produce emissions such as fossil fuels, but it causes a significant effect on the environment through damming, change of water flow, lowering of water levels, building of power lines (Pandit, pp. 6). The environmental effects caused per unit power generation are enormous when compared to nuclear power generation. Economic advantage The production of nuclear power is relatively cheap when compared to coal and petroleum. The initial cost of setting up a nuclear power plant is usually very high. However, the subsequent fuel cost to run the plants is very low compared to other energy sources. The cost of power production from other sources may vary from place to place depending on deposits and other environmental factors. For instance, the use of coal for power production is economically attractive in countries such as the United States, China and Australia because they have abundant and accessible domestic sources (Sovacool 376). Gas is competitive for base load power in many locations around the world. However, the rising costs and environmental challenges have done away with most of these advantages. The cost of nuclear fuel for nuclear power generation is much lower compared to coal, oil and gas fired plants (Sovacool 376). However, the processing, enrichment and fabrication of the Uranium account for about 50% of the total cost.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Nuclear power provides cheap and clean energy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Additional costs are often associated with the management, radioactive used fuel and the ultimate disposal of the used fuel (Ojovan 12). However, even when these costs are factored in, the total price of energy production from nuclear power is much cheaper compared to the one got from gas and coal fired plants. A study carried out by the US Nuclear Energy Institute shows that a coal fired plant uses 78% of its financial resources on fuel, a gas fired plant needs up to 89% of its financial resources on fuel while a nuclear power plant requires only 14% of its financial resources on Uranium. Uranium has the advantage of being concentra ted and thus can be transported cheaply when compared to gas and coal. It is also used in very small quantities to create similar amount of energy. In fact, one kilogram of Uranium can be yielded up to 20,000 times producing more energy than similar amount of coal does (Ojovan 15). Apart from the low cost of acquiring and transportation of Uranium, another economic advantage lies in the ability of a single nuclear power plant to generate high amount of energy. Nuclear power is much more efficient compared to other energy sources. Hydro power production may be hampered by adverse whether conditions and thus cause unprecedented increase in the cost of energy with serious economic consequences. Fossil fuel production and distribution are often affected by political situations in oil producing countries, and this regularly impacts on the gas prices. Political advantage The greatest political advantage of using nuclear power is the fact that it leads to a significant reduction of depende nce on oil. Oil is produced in very few countries around the world and thus has created a lot of interest and competition. This is indeed true for the political crisis that seems never to end in the Middle East. Nuclear fuel is cheaper and can be sourced from more stable regions of the world. Therefore, nuclear power can indeed free many countries from oil dependence (Sovacool 376).Advertising Looking for essay on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Conclusion This paper sought to reaffirm that nuclear power provides cheap and clean energy. Its advantages far outweigh its disadvantages. Indeed, it has been identified that nuclear power is much cheaper, causes the least effect on environment and reduces dependence on other countries producing oil. Though it has some serious risks, the efforts that are currently in place have reduced them considerably. Works Cited Ojovan, Lee. An Introduction to Nuclear Waste Immobilsation. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Publishers, 2005. Print. Pandit, Madhura. â€Å"Advantages and Disadvantages of Nuclear Energy.† Buzzle.com. Buzzle, 7 May 2011. Web. Sovacool, Benjamin. â€Å"A Critiatical Evaluation of Nuclear Power and Renewable Electricity.† Journal of Contemporary Asia (2010): 40(3): 376. Print. This essay on Nuclear power provides cheap and clean energy was written and submitted by user Emmanuel H. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Music of new millenium essays

Music of new millenium essays Competencies are one of several factors, including performance results in determining annual pay adjustments. Valuing the how (high impact behaviors) of performance as well as the what (results). Reinforcing high impact behaviors through pay delivery. Critical to success, but a bad place to start; a good place to continue. Necessary for Top Performance but not Sufficient to Guarantee it Personal Attributes and Behaviors that Predict Longer-Term Success Job measurement is designed to calibrate organization roles. One compared to another. Focus is on the job, not the person in the job. The person is very important to us, but how the person is performing in the job comes later. The most critical feature of a job is what are its outputs. What are we asking the job to do for the organization. Compensation system design is not just about how much you pay but the relative relationship between roles and pay. When it comes to compensation, individuals are rarely objective about the impact of their own role or performance in that role. People, by nature, like to keep track of their career progress. Titles are important. Organization status is important. Pay is important. It is how we keep track. There is never enough money to go around. Compensation management is about balancing the allocation of a very scarce resourc ...

Markering launch for an international business (Nike) Assignment

Markering launch for an international business (Nike) - Assignment Example International business has, hence, become a modern jargon in the current epoch. It is the process of conducting business all over the world. Such business transactions include trading of services, goods, technology, capital and managerial knowledge between different economies (Brenner, 2013). The import and export related activities of a nation constitute its foreign trading affairs. International business expands the scope and scale of commercial activities in an economy. From the above figure, it can be stated that international trade or business has noticeably increased over time. The growth had slightly fallen during the global financial crisis of 2008. As a result, the volume of international trade has greatly influenced the external business environmental factors. Companies engaging in international business across diversified economies conduct commercial on large scales. The production and marketing strategies of these firms are globally established (Brenner, 2013). A multinational company helps to integrate the global economic system. In an international business process, the firm procures labour, finance and infrastructural services from different countries (Brenner, 2013). The process of foreign trade in dominated by companies belonging to developed rich countries. These countries possess productive resource reserves and high technological knowhow. These multinational organizations offer high prices to all the factor service owners, thereby leading the business realm in each country (Brenner, 2013). International business conducted by companies helps to enhance the employment opportunities wherein they operate (Brenner, 2013). Moreover, by providing diversified goods and services in the market, the process helps to improve living standards of the individuals therein. International business contributes towards augmenting the level of trading competition between participating countries.

Nike and its Approach to Corporate Responsibility Essay - 1

Nike and its Approach to Corporate Responsibility - Essay Example The organization established new approaches to the corporate responsibility in order to influence environmental and social change. The organization is made up of several small business units, regions, functions, centers. It is true that global business scenario is changing constantly due to frequent change in external environmental factors and market demand. Corporate responsibility helps an organization to adopt health business and corporate model that ensures potential competitive advantages for the company. The essay will discuss a conceptual framework that will explain the approach of Nike, Inc. to corporate responsibility. Â  Nike is one of the popular apparel and footwear manufacturing and distributing organization around the globe. In the year 2004, the organization began a large scale and intensive review of its developed and implemented strategies. The management of the organization tries to take unique and new approaches to corporate responsibility in order to ensure future business growth. The organization understood that demand for sustainable business practices can help an organization to run a smooth business across the world (Rendtorff, 2009, p.50). They tried to understand future social and environmental trends before expanding their business in several emerging global areas. The social and environmental trend cannot be similar in all the countries. Therefore, they tried to implement an effective review process to achieve potential competitive business opportunity. Â  In the year 2004, Nike, Inc understood that no single corporation can attain systematic change alone. Collaboration, partnership, and open source approaches can lead to providing an organization sustainable market-based solutions to the challenges that can easily generate system change.

Nokia telephone company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Nokia telephone company - Essay Example It has also partnered with recording artists to provide music to its customers through the internet. The company faces several challenges currently. However, its management team has formulated and implemented strategies to keep the company relevant in the market. We live in a generation where technology has become part of human life. This compels Nokia to conduct regular market research and advance its products and services to attract and retain its customers. The following discourse is on the Nokia Company in terms of its business strategies and management. Company statistics Currently, the company has over 100,000 employees in more than 100 countries. Forbes magazine placed it as the second largest mobile phone company with an estimate of over 30 billion Euros in market dominance. Besides, it has an estimated market share of 22% by the beginning of this year. Nokia was the largest mobile phone company in the entire globe, between 1997 and late 2012, before Samsung took over. The co mpany suffered a great business setback when its global market share dropped due to the emergence of several smart phones and iPhones in the market. The company partnered with Microsoft to incorporate windows in its latest smart phones. Its market research indicates that the company lost several customers to Apple and Samsung whose smart phones and tablets have Android as the operating system. Nokia phones had the Symbian operating system and this was considered slow and unreliable (Marks 207). Brief history of Nokia Telephone Company The company was established in 1865 by Fredrik Idetam as a paper mill factory in Tampere. Three years later, another pulp mill was built in a small town named Nokia which about fourteen kilometers from the first pulp mill. Idetam and, his close friend and business associate, Mechelin (electrician) changed the initial pulp mill industry into a partnership company and named it Nokia, and that is how the company’s name came about. Later, the compan y resorted to electricity generation and expanded its operations by selling more shares to the public. The company expanded its business further by partnering with neighboring associates like Finnish rubber works among others. In 1912, the companies combined their resources to venture into the production of electrical and telephone cables. The company had to reshuffle its management team to avoid going bankrupt after the First World War I. At the time, Verner Weckman became the chairman and used his peculiar business management skills to attract more companies and form Nokia Corporation by the end of the year 1967. The company produced a wide range of products including cars, rubber, paper products, and personal computers among others. Later, some companies split from the parent company (Marks 207). Nokia specialized in telecommunication products in the year 1970. The company first produced Nokia DX 200 which was a kind of switch used to control telephone communications. The company advanced its products with time to the current smart phones and tablets. It became the largest mobile phone company until 2012 when Samsung, through its most preferred android mobile operating system, took over. Nokia had to conduct a market research and ascertain its weaknesses. It later partnered with Microsoft to produce windows mobile phones. Research is still underway to ascertain the

Education Essays Innovative Curriculum Students

Education Essays Innovative Curriculum Students Innovative Curriculum Students Introduction Many people argue that it is very much critical to design and also to deliver a good curriculum and it is in this curriculum that should be established to ensure that it has inspired and also at the same times challenged all the students so that they can be in a position to prepare for the 21st century challenges. The innovative curriculum is supposed to equip all students with humble knowledge and it is through this knowledge that the students will be in a position to face the future challenges come the 21st century. There is a going on project by many schools and it is in this project that these schools are participating together to ensure that they have made a good curriculum for the 21st century. (Schneider, 1998). Due to the modern technologies, it is important to come up with an innovative curriculum that is supposed to incorporate all areas of learning to ensure that education has been made easy for the students and are also in a position to succeed in life since it is in this innovative curriculum that students will be in a position to learn in all dimensions including music as a curriculum in most of the schools. Music is one of the subjects whereby intensive innovation has to be established. This is because most of the student’s talents have not been realized since there is no much which has been done in the music world. The many activities which are related to this project have demonstrated how power to innovative can engage many people including leaders who are said to be involved in the development of this curriculum in rethinking the role of education to many learners. (Schneider, 1998). Literature review Music can be defined as the manifestation of the human spirit which is similar to human language. Many people have agreed that there is a clear connection between music and academic achievement. As a result, you find that music is one of the most important curriculums which should be introduced in schools. The 21st century innovative curriculum should incorporate music as a curriculum in most of the schools simply because music has many roles in most of the societies. Music is said to incorporate arts and art can be seen as a language that all people can speak and is said to cut across racial, social, cultural, economic and educational barriers. This innovative curriculum is supposed to encompass music. Many students usually recognize the importance of music although is difficult to generalize the percentage of the students who are participating in music at the higher levels of education. The participation by these students is said to vary on the size of the school. Out of research which was done, it was found that the rate of students who participate in music in the large schools range from 5 percent the total number of students and in the magnate or small schools are thought to range from 35 percentage of the students who register for that course. (Cox, 2000). The required general music programs say in the K-6 is said to be less vibrant than it was at the mid of the 20the century. In the elementary schools, there was a reduction in the curriculum time during the 20th century and one of the said causes for the reduction in the budget curriculum is lack of funds. It is argued that there were no enough funds to support this curriculum in the elementary schools.97% of the public elementary schools are said to offer music instructions to the students. It is out of the 97% schools that offer music instructions that only 75% of them are taught by specialist in these elementary schools and only 8% are taught by classroom teachers only. So, it is out of this concern that an innovative technology has to be established in the 21st century and this technology is supposed to ensure that there has been improved performance by the music students. This is said to help these students to learn widely and also to be taught by specialized. Music plays so many roles in the societies and one of these roles is entertaining. Many people are usually known to spend most of their free times in listening to music. As a result, you find that music is one of the industries whereby many young people have invested so much. The basics of music depend on proper learning at the elementary schools. So you find that if the students are not taught well, then it becomes quite hard for them to succeed in the music world. Music can also be used to educate people. You find that most of the art which people do usually carry with them important information and the audience for this music is said to benefit a lot from it. So, it is out of the many advantages of music that an innovative curriculum is required for the 21st century and this is in order to help the music world to fully develop. The project in this case is innovating on implementing the scoring rubrics which are supposed to assess the performance of these students. (Cox, 2000). Scoring rubrics Scoring rubrics can be defined as a descriptive scoring scheme and are said to be developed by teachers and this has been developed in order to help these evaluators in accessing the student’s efforts. The scoring rubrics are usually employed when a judgment of quality is required and this drive is said to evaluate a broad range of subjects and activities of these students. So, it is with this innovative curriculum that most of the student’s efforts will be in a position to be accessed and hence leading to a greater performance by these students. So, it is through this organized learning that most of the students will be in a position to realize their many goals and aims in life. This is because the learning process will have been made easier for these students. In order to achieve this innovation, the school has to use the scoring rubric since this involves making some of the subjective judgments about the quality of student’s work. This is because so many people are usually uncomfortable when using the subjective judgments and have found that a good set of scoring guidelines can be of great importance to these students when assessing their performance. (Instrumentalism. 2001). A good scoring rubric is said to help in the following: 1) It is argued that it is going to help many teachers to define excellence and also to plan on how to help students in order to achieve it. 2) It will also communicate results and also goals to the parents of these students and also others. 3) It will also communicate to students what actual is said to constitute excellence and also how to evaluate their own work. 4) Help teachers to be more accurate, inconsistent and also unbiased in scoring. 5) To document various procedures which can be used in making important judgments about the students? Several ways for implementing this project For the 21st century innovative curriculum to be successful, there are several strategies which are to be employed to ensure that it has succeeded. Strategies and good plans are to be established to ensure that the established innovative curriculum has been made successful. A question has to be answered when implementing this strategy. How is this innovation being led and who are the leaders to the innovation? This question is very much important when implementing this project. This is because one knows the leaders to this innovation that we will be in a position to implement it. This scoring rubric is said to organize the scoring criteria for the students. (Instrumentalism. 2001). Rationale of the project The innovative curriculum for the 21st century is said to help these students to have improved performances in their studies. It is through this project that the students will be in a position to develop great desires in education and hence improving on their performance. This innovation is also thought to help students to use the modern ways of learning and this is by using the necessary tools which are required for this. (Henderson, 2002). Recommendations for addressing diversity The activities which are related to this project has demonstrated how power to an increased innovation engages leaders who are said to be involved in this curriculum development in rethinking about the education purpose of this curriculum. It is through this innovative technology that many students will be in a position to realize their many hidden talents. This is because their performance in this case can be accessed hence leading to a greater success in life. (Henderson, 2002). Conclusion Innovative curriculum is thought to help many students to succeed in their many goals and objectives. The innovative curriculum is supposed to equip all students with humble knowledge and it is through this knowledge that the students will be in a position to face the future challenges come the 21st century. This project by many schools is said to benefit many schools who use it and it is in this project that these schools are participating together to ensure that they have made a good curriculum for the 21st century. Reference Instrumentalism. 2001. â€Å"2001 Survey of School Music Budgets.† Instrumentalist (August):34–38. Gaff, J. (1999): The General education: The changing agenda. Washington. Association Of American colleges and universities. Schneider, C. (1998): Contemporary understandings of education. Washington. Association of American colleges and universities. Bergeron, K and Philip, V. (1992): Disciplining music. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Cox, R. (2000): Are musical works discovered? The Journal of Aesthetic and art Criticism. Engh, B. (1993): Loving it. Music in Roland Barthes. University of California press. Giles, J. (1990): Theorizing music’s affective power. Toronto: Institute for Canadian Music. Henderson, M. (2002): Music as lifestyle. Journal of American Folklore.

Polar Bears :: essays papers

Polar Bears â€Å"Saving the White Beast† The Polar Bear males can measure up to nine feet long, and can weigh 770-1430 lbs. The fur of the Polar Bear covers their entire body except their nose and pads of their feet. The Polar Bear (Ursus maritimus) is the largest living carnivore on the planet earth. (National Parks Service). The polar bear lives in a small place on the top of the globe called the Arctic Circle. At an average the polar bears have about five million square miles of living space. The Polar ears have gotten close to 150 ft. from the North Pole. (WWF 1). These white creatures do not hibernate in the winter like other bears, instead they hunt. The bears main diet is the ringed and bearded seal. These bears have a great sense of smell. They can smell seals kilometers away, and detect one under three feet of snow. This helps them find the food they need during winter months when the seals migrate south to get warm. The bears are patient when it comes to food. They need two kilograms of fat a day to survive. A seal can provide five days worth of food. If the bears are starving they eat the whole seal; otherwise, they just eat the blubber and entrails for protein (National Parks Service). The bears live in Canada or above. They rarely go below Canada since it is too warm there. The giant bears have thick white fur, which helps the bear survive the cold, and it has a thick layer of blubber all around its body where it stores up food when needed. They can go with out food for 2 weeks if necessary (Larsen 7). Their fur is what helps retain the heat inside their bodies. The fur looks white but it is actually clear colored. The sun shines through the clear fur to the bear’s black skin, which absorbs the heat and retains it. Actually it does such a good job that the bears have to jump in icy water, and even roll in the snow to cool off. Fredtjoj Nansen gives this description of the polar bear, â€Å"Elegant body, big neck, small head, and short ears give it a ferocious look† (6). When its time for the bears to reproduce, the male approaches the female. The males have many mates in their lifetime. When the females are pregnant, they dig a den in which they stay until after pregnancy for a while with the bears can survive the cold.

David Alfaro Siqueiros: The Activist Artist Essay

David Alfaro Siqueiros was a social realist painter known for his large murals in fresco. He was born in Chihuahua City in 1896 and by age fifteen David was already involved in artistic studies and political activism. Siqueiros was involved in direct political action more than most other artists. He was a sophisticated political ideologist who was involved in the political conflicts of the Mexican Revolution serving as a protestor, demonstrator, soldier and leader of an assassination squad. The type of art he produces are murals; he believed art should be public, educational, and ideological. He went probably the furthest of all the muralists in his attempts to combine his political views and aesthetic ideals with modern technical means to create a truly â€Å"public art†. Siqueiros was an activist in many different ways, controversy lies in his work, and he has many meanings of his work. In 1911 Siqueiros led a student strike at San Carlos Academy, one designed to force changes in teaching methods, this strike lasted six months and ended in complete victory for students. Through his fellows, he soon became familiar with communist and anarchist writings, embittering him further against the upper middle class to which he himself belonged. Following that in 1913 he joined the anti-Huerta Constitutionalist movement and contributed to its newspaper, La Vanguardia. After serving four years as an active combatant during the Revolution, he attained the rank of a captain. Siqueiros than organized a group called Congress of Soldier Artists in 1918. He then published a magazine called Vida Americana in 1921. These play the roles of him being an activist because he is reporting his issues. In 1924, Siqueiros finished work on The Burial of the Martyred Worker, also in the National Preparatory School, taking the bold step of painting a hammer-and-sickle on the coffin. This provoked outrage on the part of the students at the School, then, as prior to the Revolution, representing the conservative element in society. There were several clashes, and the muralists took to carrying firearms to defend themselves. At one point, a battalion of Yaqui Indians, all devout supporters of the Revolution marched into the school to defend the murals. A short while later, the artists received a major blow when Vasconcelos resigned from his post as Minister of Public Education. Quite soon, the government issued an ultimatum; either the painters had to abandon their Union, or they would be fired from the government payroll. The painters refused. When Diego Rivera adopted a more conciliatory tone, they voted to expel him from the Union. As a result, within a short period of time, he was the only muralist still allowed to work. In response, Siqueiros turned to political activism. Leaving Mexico City, he traveled to the state of Jalisco, where he helped organize trade unions for the silver miners there. He was so successful that by 1927 he was head of the United Syndicate Confederation of Mexico, a national trade union organization that brought together miners, peasants, factory and railroad workers, school teachers and other professional groups. He quickly was harassed and detained several times by the police.

Melting Point Determination Essay

Identifying an unknown compound can be a difficult task. In identifying a compound, researchers often measure several physical properties: melting point, boiling point, density and observes a few chemical properties: reactivity, acidity, basicity of the compound. The reason for determining several chemical and physical properties of the compound is that it is quite possible for two different compounds to have a few physical and or chemical properties in common; but it is highly unlikely for the two compounds to have very many identical physical and chemical properties (Gilber & Martin, 2010). The goal of this experiment is to determine the identity of the unknown using the melting-point technique. If the entire compound in the list given by your instructor had distinctly different melting points, it would be possible to determine the identity of the unknown by just taking its melting point. However, each of the compounds in this list has a melting point that is close to the melting point of another compound in the list. Therefore, the melting point of the unknown will allow you to break down the choices to two compounds (Pavia, Lampman, & Kriza, 2013). To determine the identity of you compound, you must perform mixture melting points of your unknown and each of the two compounds with similar melting points. A mixture melting point that is depressed and has a wide range indicates that the two compounds in the mixture are different. It should be pointed out, however, that it is not possible to accurately predict the physical properties of newly synthesized or isolated compounds. Therefore, tables of physical properties are only useful in identifying previously known compounds. However, useful information as to the compound’s identity and its purity can often be obtained from its melting point. Although the melting point can be used to help identify an unknown by comparing its melting point to literature values, it must be apparent that there are literally hundreds if not thousands of compounds that share the same melting point. To solve this dilemma the identity of a compound can be confirm using mixed melting point method. If you prepare a mixture of you unknown chemical and the one you suspect it may be and measure the melting point of the mixture then there are two possible results: The melting point of the mixture is the same as the pure compound which means that the unknown compound and the known compound are the same. The melting point of the mixture is lower than either of the two pure components and the melting range is large. This is because the two compounds are different with the result that one is an impurity in the other (Dean, Jones, Holmes, & Reed, 2011). Determination of the temperature at which the solid and liquid phases of a substance are in equilibrium is time consuming. It is also quite difficult with a small amount of sample. Thus, in practice, most melting points are determined as capillary melting points, which can be done quickly with a small amount of sample in a capillary tube (Bettelheim & Frederick, 2004). Melting point analysis is a quick, relatively easy, and inexpensive preliminary analysis if the sample is already mostly pure and has a suspected identity. Additionally, analysis requires small samples only. As with any analysis, there are certain drawbacks to melting point analysis. If the sample is not solid, melting point analysis cannot be done. Also, analysis is destructive of the sample. For qualitative identification analysis, there are now more specific and accurate analyses that exist, although they are typically much more expensive. Also, samples with more than one solute cannot be analyzed quantitatively for purity (Molavi & Barron, 2011) Methodology: Finding an Identical Compound: Two melting-point capillaries were filled with small amounts of your sample. One was used to determine an approximate melting point range for your unknown by allowing the temperature to rise at about 6oC per minute. Then the melting point apparatus was cooled to at least 5oC below the temperature at which melting began. A slow, careful determination of the melting point range was made on the second sample by allowing the temperature to rise at a rate of approximately 2oC per minute. It is important that the melting point was measured carefully because finding another student in the lab with the identical compound depends on it. The melting point range was recorded in the laboratory notebook and also on the data sheet provided by the instructor along with the student number. From the data sheet, another student in the lab was located whose unknown has a melting point range that is within 4oC. A small amount of the student’s compound was used to prepare a sample for a mixed melting point. The error range of  ±4oC was accounted for experimental error and the fact that the thermometers are not calibrated thus the ranges from different instruments may vary slightly. To prepare the mixed melting point sample, one part of the unknown given was used to one part of the other student’s compound. The sample was mixed thoroughly by gently crushing the mixture with a glass stirring rod until it looks homogeneous. The melting point range was determined and the result was recorded in the laboratory notebook. Search was continued until you identified a student in the lab with a compound identical to yours and a second student in the lab with an unknown with approximately the same melting point range, but whose compound is not the same as yours. Results and Discussion: |Table 1 Mixed Melting Point Unknowns | |Unknown |Structure |Melting Point Range | | | |(oC) | |Benzoic Acid |[pic] |121-123 | |DL-malic Acid |[pic] |131-133 | |Urea |[pic] |132-135 | |Trans-cinnamic Acid |[pic] |131-136 | |Succinic Acid |[pic] |184 | Table 1 shows the given unknowns to be identified in this experiment. The melting point range in the table was the basis of the researchers in identifying their given unknowns. Some chemical compounds given from the manual was omitted to limit the scope of the experiment. Other books give different melting point range on the compounds in the table. This is because temperature also varies in the fact that the thermometers are not calibrated. The unknown pure compound has a white powdery solid feature. Melting point range determination is only applicable for solid compounds. Two trials were conducted to observe the melting point of the pure compound. For the first trial, it was observed that the compound starts to melt at exactly 135oC and the solid in the capillary tube was completely dissolved at 137oC. The solid melts instantaneously because the temperature of the cooking oil used arises rapidly compared when using water as a boiling bath. The second trial was conducted to confirm if the result for trial one is precise and the finding for the melting point also ranges from 135-137oC. From the data collected, it was predicted that the unknown might be urea or trans-cinnamic acid. Since both urea and trans-cinnamic acid have exactly the same melting point, it is difficult to determine which one is the given compound. The pure compound (Unknown A) was mixed to the compound (Unknown B) of one student with melting-point range of 134-136oC. Both unknown have the same physical feature which fell into conclusion that the two solids are same compounds. However, the temperature of the mixed compounds decreased by 80-84oC. Possible reason for this outcome is contamination of the mixed compound by the stirring rod used in mixing. Trial two was conducted for the mix-melting point determination. Another student whose compound (Unknown C) has a melting point that ranges from 131-134oC was mixed with Unknown A. Both unknowns have the same physical feature with Unknown B. The unknowns were mixed thoroughly with a clean stirring rod. The mixed compound starts to dissolve at exactly 134oC and solid in the capillary tube was completely dissolved at a temperature of 136oC. It is strong evidence that the two substances are the same. According to Mayo, Pike, and Forbes (2011), the crystalline lattice forces holding organic solids together are distributed over a relatively narrow energy range. The melting points of organic compounds, therefore, are usually relatively sharp, that is, less than 2oC. The range and maximum temperature of the melting point, however, are very sensitive to impurities. Small amounts of sample contamination by soluble impurities nearly always will result in meting-point depression. The drop in melting point is usually accompanied by an expansion of the melting-point range. Thus, in addition to the melting point acting as a useful guide in identification, it also can be a particularly effective indication of sample purity. The effectiveness of this technique depends on the relative solubility of the substances in each other. The usefulness of mixed melting points is limited in that you must have some idea of the chemical nature of your unknown compound and a sample of the suspected compound must be available. The researcher used melting points to determine the purity of organic compounds. Pure compounds were seen to have a narrow melting range, while impurities were seen to cause the melting range to become lower and broader. From the mixture melting points the researcher definitively able to identify the unknown as trans-cinnamic acid. 5. References: Aldrich, S. (n.d). Retrieved July14, 2013, from LLC, Sigma-Aldrich Co, http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/ product/aldrich/w228826?l ang=en ®ion=PH Bettelheim, Frederick, A., Landenberg, & Joseph M. (2004). Organic and Biochemistry (5th ed.). USA: A Division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Pages 17-20 Dean, J., Jones, M., Holmes, D., & Reed, R. (2011). Practical Skills in Chemistry (11th ed.). England: Pearson Education Limimited. Gilbert, J. & Martin S. (2010). Experimental Organic Chemistry: A Miniscale and Microscale Approach: A Miniscale and Microscale Approach (5th ed.). USA: Cengage Learning Mayo, D., Pike, R., & Forbes, D. (2011). Microscale Organic Laboratory with multistep and multiscale synthesis (5th ed.). United States: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Molavi, S., & Barron, A. (2012, May 29). Melting Point Analysis. Retrieved from the Connexions Web site: http://cnx.org/content/m43565/1.1/ Pavia, D., Lampman, G., Kriz, G., and Engel, R. (2013). A Microscal Approach to Organic Laboratory Techniques (5th ed.). USA Cencage Learning.

Bootlegging Essays

Bootlegging Essays Bootlegging Essay Bootlegging Essay Beeping noises are definitely necessary in this generation. Without them it would be crazy to survive, since we are so used to them. Imagine how life would be without any beeping noises would be. It would definitely be a lot more peaceful, but as well as dangerous. For example, every day in the street people use their horns to honk at other cars. Thats the way we communicate if something wrong was going on. In every way I feel like life wouldnt be the same if things were silent. Everyday day and night you hear beeping noises. For example, you hear them on television, the streets, inside buildings and phones of course. Sometimes you may hear BEEP BEEP a car honks or RING RING, when a telephone rings. There are a million beeping noises in this world and knowing the fact that they are their makes peoples life much easier and safe. We need the noises because they are a life safer. With the beeping sound knowing we know what the mean helps us be more cautious. Example, not everyones minds has it set on a certain time to wake up. Therefore that is where an alarm clock comes in andy. An alarm obviously makes noises so it will wake you up on an occasion. As well as fire trucks, police cars, trains, school bells, whistles, trailer trucks, elevators and much much more. Without the help of the noises each individual object makes we wouldnt know what would be going on. Some people may not agree and say it isnt necessary and life would be much easier and peaceful; but I strongly disagree. Hearing beeping sounds is how I live my life every day. Society wants to make it easy for us so we can have a better enjoyment and safety life.

Cross Cultural Communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Cross Cultural Communication - Essay Example The major features of high context and low context cultures can be understood through critical elements such as association, interaction, territoriality, temporality, learning, through patterns and social perspectives (Hofstede, 2001; Hall, 1976). 1. Knowledge is generally embedded in the current situation. Things are synthesized and connected as well as global. For information, multiple sources are used. Thinking is from general to precise or specific. 1. Reality is compartmentalized and fragmented. One particular information source is used for developing knowledge. Thinking is generally inductive and proceeds to general ideas from specific issues. More focus is given on details (Chaney, 2005). Japan is a model example of a high context culture. Japan and China are considered as model examples of this culture. In Japan and China a major part of the communication is implicit and internalized. For instance, they speak very less words in a conversation and convey more through facial expressions (Richardson and Smith, 2007). Low context messages are very difficult to understand without having backed with proper background information. According to hall, in Japan and China communication style, much of the meaning depends on physical context such as voice tone, facial expressions and gestures. As a result, the verbal message is itself very less. For instance, a Japanese executive visiting a low context culture such as US will face problems with their extremely direct approach (Hendon, Hendon and Herbig, 1999). Individuals prefer interacting and conveying their message through indirect communication and body language. The major reason behind this can be attributed to their object ive of preserving and strengthening relationships by ensuring harmony and saving face. The culture of Japan and China is influenced by a well-structured hierarchy in society, strong norms of behaviour as well as closeness in human

Brand management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 3

Brand management - Assignment Example One of the brand names which has existed over the years is Pura, a milk produced by Lionco in Canberra, Australia. Pura is a milk product by Lionco Company. The company has been in the market for a longer time to build a competing brand like Pura. The company also purchases billion liters of milk from over 500 Australian farmers each year towards processing its milk (Lionco, 2015). Its products range from full-cream, flavored, fresh to UHT milks (Lionco, 2015). Among of its popular brands includes Pura, Dairy Farmers, Dare, Farmers Union, Classic and Big M among others (Lionco, 2015). Pura, the company’s outstanding brand has been in the market since 1935. It has a combination of natural vitamins and minerals and a creamy taste (Lionco, 2015). The products naturally provide nutrients for all family members and very essentially when taken daily. Moreover, the brand comes in nine variants to suit the emerging and every need of the occasion (Lionco, 2015). Pura has been in the market for the last 80 years, it is still doing well, and competing with other products recently introduced in the market. The products success in the market has been facilitated by its brand name. Customers identify the company with its products, hence contributing to the maintenance of their loyalty. Similarly, its continuous stay in the market makes it meets generation, which has preferences, hence has to deal with the new emerging market to remain competitive. However, there are emerging trends in the market that might affect the brand, and there is a need to take measures to counter the effects. First, consumer preferences are changing very fast, and not likely to maintain their loyalty is the product cannot meet their demands. The consumers who were present 80 years ago during the launching of the product are not the consumers of today; today’s consumers have a different need, which they want the

Group Behavior Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Group Behavior - Essay Example Successful management of the conflict makes the team stronger. Knowing the origin of a conflict helps a leader determine whether it is functional or dysfunctional. Functional conflicts are productive while the dysfunctional conflicts are disruptive. Common sources of conflict in the team are the limitation of resources and the values, attitudes, goals, roles, personalities, interdependency and interaction of the team members. Allan C. Amazon has identified two types of conflict, namely the cognitive conflict and the affective conflict. Amazon’s research suggests that both types of conflicts are necessarily present in any kind of group, with the cognitive conflict being productive and the affective conflict being disruptive. Cognitive conflicts lead to the personal growth of the team members, identification of a workable solution, increased integration and cohesiveness of the team members whereas the affective conflicts lead to unresolved problems, waste of energy, decline in t he team’s morale and team division. Training of the team members in such core competencies as knowledge of conflict resolution methods, entrustment and cooperation are fundamental to the success of a team. The Monmouth University proposes a five-stage conflict management strategy. The five stages are awareness of the conflict resolution, training of conflict resolution, mediation, reinforcement workshops and program institutionalization. Conflict resolution requires a leader to remain impartial and promote mutual understanding among the team members. To help prevent the conflict from occurring, the leader should establish ground rules at the outset, develop team agreement on the way to resolve conflict, train the team members on communication skills, and focus on the team’s objectives. There are numerous reactive strategies that a leader may adopt to resolve the conflict. The leader can either adopt an authoritative style, a splitting

Microsoft Vista and Home Computing Essay Example for Free

Microsoft Vista and Home Computing Essay In 2005, Microsoft announced that it was working on a new version of their Windows operating system that would fix many security problems that were plaguing Windows-XP users. Consequently, many software lovers eagerly anticipated the launch of the upgraded operating system, named Widows Vista. Unfortunately, after Vista was released in 2007, it disappointed most users and critics because of its lack-luster performance, high cost and incompatibility with XP software. It is worse than Windows XP, and home-computer users today are better off using Windows 7 Home Premium. Windows Vista was released five years after XP, taking longer to produce than previous versions of Windows. XP had numerous security flaws that allowed hackers to manipulate or destroy a computer user’s data or cripple network communication, and Microsoft aimed to fix these with Vista (Ricadela 2006). Viruses, spyware, trojans and other forms of malware can easily infect XP, especially when users access the internet. Microsoft’s preoccupation with fixing these bugs in XP eventually delayed the production and release of Vista (Ricciuti 2004). Unfortunately, after Vista was released in 2007, it met harsh criticism from press reviewers, corporate users and home-computing users. A corporate satisfaction survey launched in 2008 indicated that only 8% of Vista users were very satisfied compared to 40% for XP users (Keizer 2008). Netmarketshare (2010) also estimates that Vista has the smallest portion of users (14. 34%) among the currently-used Windows operating systems, with Windows 7 at second place (14. 46%) and XP with the most users at 61. 87% (2010). Home users will find it difficult to use Vista, especially if they have been used to the more stable XP operating system. XP users will realize that Vista’s system requirements are higher than XP’s. Consequently, existing users have to upgrade their computer hardware or buy a new computer altogether if they want to upgrade to Vista. Microsoft recommends at least a 1 GHz processor, 1 GB of Random Access Memory (RAM), a 128-MB video-graphics card capable of DirectX 9. 0, at least 40 GB of Hard Disk Drive (HDD) capacity with at least 15 GB of free space, and a DVD-ROM drive to install the software (Microsoft 2010). It may be possible to run Vista with less, but the performance will crawl. In reality, one needs much more than the stated requirements to achieve reasonable performance. Vista’s performance is also slower compared to XP and Windows 7. XP users will immediately notice the difference in speed when they start using Vista. Many tasks seem to crawl compared to XP. Benchmark tests run by Tom’s Hardware indicated that XP is generally faster than Vista, and the testers recommend sticking with XP because â€Å"it cannot perform better than Windows XP† (Schmid 2007). For example, basic tasks, such as copying files, are much slower than XP. Microsoft released a Service Pack upgrade to fix this problem, but ZDNet benchmark tests indicate that the upgraded Vista is still slower than XP (Kingsley-Hughes 2008). In fact, computers that were purchased pre-installed with licensed Vista software performed so poorly that customers wanted to downgrade it to XP, but retailers charged a fee for it. Consequently, customers sued Microsoft for this (Melanson 2009). Avid gamers will also be very disappointed if they use Vista in their home computers. Just like Tom’s Hardware, Techgage processed comparative tests using different games running in both Vista and XP. Naturally, XP was faster than Vista (Williams 2007). The graphics drivers of Vista are simply not developed enough, and the basic requirements of Vista itself are heavier than XP. Microsoft attempted to fix this again through a Service Pack upgrade. However, even after the â€Å"fix,† game developers still recommend Vista users to double the requirements of XP users. For instance, Capcom, the publisher of the game Devil May Cry 4, requires a minimum of 2 GB of memory for Vista users. However, XP users only need 1 GB (PC Game Requirements 2010). Some XP software and hardware are also not compatible with Vista. Existing home computer users who already spent a considerable investment in software will be frustrated again with Vista’s inability to run some of their existing computer programs such as virus scanners. Even many businesses did not bother to upgrade from XP to Vista when it was released because of this incompatibility issue (Deare 2007). The US Department of Transportation has also banned any upgrades from XP to Vista citing software incompatibility issues, costs and the lack of additional features that could prove to be useful or advantageous (McDougall 2007). Using Vista with WiFi will also be difficult. While connecting to networks with XP is not a problem, Vista sometimes refuses to connect with some networks (Claerr 2008). Even if one is able to connect to the router, the Internet may be absent or access to network files and printers may not be available. The user may also be disconnected intermittently from the router if he or she is able to connect, or the speed may be very slow. Fixes may involve upgrading routers, but if the router is not owned by the user, such as in airports, cafes or other public Wifi hotspots, then connections are not possible unless XP or other compatible operating systems are used. Vista also consumes more power than XP. This means that laptop batteries will drain faster using Vista. It is due to Vista’s higher hardware requirements that use more energy. Attempting to turn off some of Vista’s features, such as its fancy graphical interface, will make it more energy-efficient. However, doing the same with XP still makes it greener than Vista. Vista is also more expensive than XP or Windows 7. Microsoft Vista Home Premium currently retails for $239. 95 in online software retailers. On the other hand, Windows 7 Home Premium retails for only $199. 99. And if one buys a new, discounted, old-model personal computer today, with a CRT screen, a tower CPU and an extended keyboard for around 200 to 250 dollars, sometimes Windows XP is already bundled together with the entire package, making it virtually free. This is why Vista is not cost effective. Some of the new features of Vista are also not impressive compared to its predecessor, Windows XP and its successor Windows 7. The new graphical interface of Vista is more aesthetic than XP, but it slows down performance to the point where it is not worth it. The new versions of bundled software such as the internet browser, media player, email manager, photo manager, appointment manager and movie maker are either downloadable for free for XP users or available for free either from third-party vendors or packaged together with purchased hardware like cameras and scanners. The new security prompts can also be nagging or annoying. The most noticeable new feature for Vista is the Aero graphical user interface. Compared to XP, it appears more three-dimensional. The new eye candy has improved icons, animations and thumbnails that are live. The transparencies are also new. However, since Aero uses more energy, it drains the battery life of laptops. Turning it off will save power (Murph 2007). Another new feature that is immediately noticeable is the Windows Sidebar. It is a transparent panel where various applets or small programs called Desktop Gadgets can be attached or removed. These applets include gadgets such as clocks, weather information, news, photographs, currency converters and so forth. In Windows XP, a similar panel called Google Gadgets can be downloaded for free, courtesy of Google. Internet Explorer 7 also comes with Vista. This version has new features including multiple tabbed windows, the ability to zoom pages, a filter against phising (hackers attempting to gather important data such as passwords from users), additional security features, including restricting suspected malicious software from writing beyond the Temporary Internet Files folder without consent, and International Domain Name (IDN) support. However, these features and many more are included in free internet browsers such Mozilla’s Firefox and Google’s Chrome, which can be downloaded and installed using Windows XP or other operating systems for free. A new version of Windows Media Player, version 11, is also bundled with Vista. A new feature in this version allows users to search for music or video files while they type. This is called â€Å"word wheeling. † It also includes a new media library Graphical User Interface (GUI), a photo organizer and an Internet file-sharing feature. However, new versions of Media Player can be downloaded from Microsoft’s website under Windows XP for free. Moreover, there are other third-party software applications that provide free video and audio software, including codecs, to play all the latest types of media for free. Again, these can be downloaded from the Internet using XP or other operating systems. Vista also includes a new version of Outlook Express which was renamed Windows Mail. It features continuously-updated junk-mail and phishing filtering. However, there are better email management programs, such as Mozilla’s Thunderbird, that can again be downloaded for free from the Internet using XP or other operating systems. Windows email systems have also always been the prime target of hackers and malware authors, so using a different email program such as Thunderbird is more secure and safe. There are also new multimedia applications that are included In Vista, but these programs are usually included for free with the hardware that they support. For example, Vista includes Windows Photo Gallery, which allows users to import pictures from digital cameras, organize them, adjust their properties and produce slideshows. But software that is bundled for free with digital cameras is more advanced than Vista’s basic Photo Gallery. There are also new games included with Vista. A new chess and mahjong game is included. A folder is also included to organize all of the games. Unfortunately, like previous versions of Windows, the bundled games are not the type of commercial games that users like or want to play. And if they have an existing game collection already, they will run slower on Vista and may not even run at all. Vista also has speech recognition software integrated within Vista. It allows users to hear words in computer applications by allowing the computer to speak them out loud in a robotic voice that may not be comprehensible occasionally. This feature may be useful for those with visual problems, but usually the visually impaired purchase better speech recognition software such as Dragon Naturally Speaking, which is available in XP and other operating systems. Vista also has other minor new features. It has new fonts and improved international fonts. For mobile computer users, there is also a centralized control panel called the Windows Mobile Center for controlling properties needed by laptop user such as battery life, wireless connections, brightness, screen orientation and other settings. There is also a new version of Netmeeting renamed Windows Meeting Space. This allows different users to share their entire desktop or individual applications over the Internet with other users. And there is also a new version of the back up and restore application which facilitates the restoration of damaged data. The improvements however are not significantly new. In conclusion, home computer users should avoid Windows Vista altogether. If one is an existing XP user who is thinking about upgrading, one should just forget about it since it may make home computing worse. It is also overpriced. However, if one is purchasing a brand new state-of-the-art PC or laptop with an option for choosing one’s operating system, then Windows 7 is the answer. On the other hand, if one is on a budget and wishes to purchase new, discounted, old-model PCs pre-installed with licensed versions of Windows XP, then that is a satisfactory option as well. But whatever one does, one should always avoid Vista. It’s a lemon. References Claerre, J. (2008). Vista Problems With WiFi. eHow. Retrieved August 13, 2010, from http://www. ehow. com/about_5106461_vista-problems-wifi. html Deare, Steven. (2007, May 14). Gartner: App testing delaying Vista rollouts. ZDNet. Retrieved August 13, 2010, from http://www. zdnetasia. com/gartner-app-testing-delaying-vista-rollouts-62012902. htm Devil May Cry 4 Game Requirements. (2008, Jul 26). PC Game Requirements. Retrieved August 13, 2010, from http://www. pcgamerequirements. com/game-index/devil-may-cry-4-game-requirements/ Keizer, G. (2008, Mar 26). Leopard drubs Vista in corporate satisfaction survey. Computerworld. Retrieved August 13, 2010, from http://www. computerworld. com/s/article/9072218/Leopard_drubs_Vista_in_corporate_satisfaction_survey? nlid=1source=NLT_AM Kingsley-Hughes, A. (2008, Feb 15). Vista SP1 vs. XP SP2 – Benchmarked. ZDnet. Retrieved August 13, 2010, from http://www. zdnet. com/blog/hardware/vista-sp1-vs-xp-sp2-benchmarked/1332 McDougall, P. (2007, Mar 2). Microsoft Hit By U. S. DOT Ban On Windows Vista, Explorer 7, and Office 2007. Information Week. Retrieved August 13, 2010, from http://www. informationweek. com/news/security/showArticle. jhtml? articleID=197700789 Melanson, D. (2009, Feb 16). Microsoft gets sued over Windows XP downgrade fees. Engadget. Retrieved August 13, 2010, from http://www. engadget. com/2009/02/16/microsoft-gets-sued-over-windows-xp-downgrade-fees/ Microsoft. (2010). Windows Vista Enterprise Hardware Planning Guidance. Technet. Retrieved August 13, 2010, from http://technet. microsoft. com/en-us/library/cc507845. aspx Murph, D. (2007, May 3). Vistas Aero interface blamed for truncated battery life. Engadget. Retrieved Aug 13, 2010, from http://www. engadget. com/2007/05/04/vistas-aero-interface-blamed-for-truncated-battery-life/ Netmarketshare. (2010, Jul). Operating System Market Share. Retrieved Aug 13, 2010, from http://marketshare. hitslink. com/operating-system-market-share. aspx? qprid=10 Ricadela, A. (2006, Feb 14). Gates Says Security Is Job One For Vista. Information Week. Retrieved August 13, 2010, from http://www. informationweek.com/news/windows/microsoft_news/showArticle. jhtml? articleID=180201580 Ricciuti, M. (2004, Apr 1). Microsoft: Longhorn beta unlikely this year. Cnet News. Retrieved August 13, 2010, from http://news. cnet. com/Microsoft-Longhorn-beta-unlikely-this-year/2100-1008_3-5183385. html Schmid, P. (2007, Jan 29). Windows XP vs. Vista: The Benchmark Rundown. Tom’s Hardware. Retrieved August 13, 2010, from http://www. tomshardware. com/reviews/xp-vs-vista,1531. html Williams, Rob. (2007, Jan 29). Windows Vista Gaming Performance Reports. Techgage. Retrieved August 13, 2010, from http://techgage. com/article/windows_vista_gaming_performance_reports/2